Constitution
of India
The constitution is asset of fundamental principles, according to which state or other organisation is governed.
The cabinet mission plan
(May 16,1946), proposed a constituent assembly to frame the constitution for
india.
The ideas to have a constitution
was given by mn roy. The constitution declares india to be a sovereign,
socialist, secular, democratic and republic for assuring its citizens of
justice, Equality and liberty and endeavours to promote fraternity among them.
Making
of the constitution
The constituent assembly was formed by cabinet mission plans.
The total strength of the
assembly was 389, out of these 296 were elected to represent the british india
and 93 seats to the princerly states. Out of 296 member, 292 members were to be
elected by the provincial legislatures while 4 members were to represent the chief
commissioner’s provinces. 93 member were to be nominated by the rules of the
princerly states. The members were elected indirectly on the basis of muslims, Sikhs
and other in proportion to their population.
The constituent assembly,
held its first meeting on December 9, 1946, and reassembled on august 14, 1947,
as the sovereign constituent assembly for the dominion of india.
It took 2 years, 11
month, and 18 days to finalise the constituent assembly (on December 13,1946),
by pandit Jawaharlal Nehru , which was adopted after considerable deliberation
and debate in the assembly on January 22, 1947.
Dr. sachidanand sinha was
the provisional president of the constituent assembly, when it met on December 9,
1946 , while later dr. rajendra Prasad was elected the elected the permanent
president of the assembly.
Bn rao was appointed as
the constitutional advisor of the assembly.
The consrtituent assembly
appointed a drafting committee on august 29, 1947. Dr. br amebedkar who was the
chairman of the drafting committee, submitted a draft constitution of india to
the president of the assembly on February 21, 1948.
The other members of the
drafting committee were n gopal swamy ayangar, alladi Krishna swami ayyar, km
munshi, mohammad saad-ul-lah, n madhava rao and tt Krishnamachari.
Seats were alloted to
each province and each indian state proportional to their respective population
roughly in the ratio of one to million.
Mahatma Gandhi was not a
member of the constituent assembly.
Enactment
of the constitution
On November 26, 1949, the
constitution was declared as passed. The provisions relating to citizenship,
elections and provisional parliament etc, were implemented with immediate
effect, that is form the November 26, 1949. The rest of provision came into force
on January 26, 1950.
Our constitution had
preamble and 395 articles, 18 parts and 8 schedules. The constitution has
undergone 97 amendments in the 62 years since its enactment. The constitution,
in its current form, consist of a preamble, 22 parts, 444 articles and 12
schedules.
Committee
of the constituent assembly
Constituent assembly
appointed number of commitees to deal with different tasks of constitution
making.
Some of them are
Name
haeded
Union
power committee Jawaharlal
Nehru
Union
constitution committee Jawaharlal Nehru
Provincial
constitution committee sardar patel
Drafting
committee dr. br amebedkar
Advisiory
committee on sardar patel
fundamental
rights and minorities
rules
of procedure committee dr. rajendra Prasad
state
committees (committee Jawaharlal Nehru
for
negotiating with staes)
steering
committee dr. rajendra prasad
